GIT Cheat Sheet

A cheat sheet for GIT, a free and open-source software for distributed version control.

Create Repository

Clone an existing repository

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git clone https://github.com/username/repository-name.git

Create a new local repository

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git init

Local Changes

See the changed files in your working directory

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git diff

See changes in a particular file in your working directory

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git diff <complete-file-path>

Stage Changes

Add local changes of a file to the next commit (Stage changes from a file)

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git add <complete-file-path>

Add all local changes to the next commit (Stage all changes from all files)

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git add .

Commit Changes

Commit (commit previously staged changes)

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git commit

The above command will open a Vim prompt to add a commit message title and commit message description.

If you want to commit without entering the vim prompt, use the below command.

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git commit -m "<commit-messaege-title>"

How to commit all local changes ( even if they are not staged)

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git commit -a

How to make changes in the last commit

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git commit --amend

Note: The above command will not amend published commits.

Stash Changes

Stash local changes

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git stash

Stash local changes with a message

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git stash save "<message>"

List all stashes

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git stash list

Reapply previously stashed changes

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git stash apply

Reapply a particular stash from the list

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git stash apply stash@{2}

stash@{2} is stash identifier

Reapply the latest stashed changes and remove it from your stashes

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git stash pop

Reapply a particular stash and remove it from your stashes

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git stash pop stash@{2}

stash@{2} is stash identifier

View a summary of a stash

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git stash show

Delete all of your stashes

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git stash clear

Commit History

Show all commits of a repository, the newest first

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git log

Show changes over time for a specific file

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git log <file-path>

Check who changed what and when in a specific file

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git blame <file-path>

Branches and Tags

Branches

List all local branches

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git branch

List all local and remote branches

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git branch -a

Switch HEAD branch

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git checkout <branch-name>

Create a new branch from the current HEAD branch

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git branch <branch-name>

Create a new branch from the current HEAD branch and Switch to new branch

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git checkout -b <branch-name>

Create a new tracking branch based on a remote branch

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git checkout --track <remote/branch> 

Delete a local git branch

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git branch -d <local-branch-name>

Delete a remote git branch

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git push <remote> --delete <branch-name>

Note: In most of the cases the <remote> is origin.

Tag

Mark a current commit with tag

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git tag <tag-name>

Update and Publish

List all currently configured remotes

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git remote -v

Show information about a remote

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git remote show <remote>

Add new remote repository

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git remote add <remote> <url>

Change the url of an existing remote repository:

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git remote set-url <remote> <url>

Download all changes from , but don't integrate into HEAD

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git fetch <remote>

Download changes and directly merge/integrate into HEAD

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git pull <remote> <branch>

Publish local changes on a remote

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git push <remote> <branch>

Delete a branch on the remote

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glt branch -dr <remote/branch>

Publish your tags

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git push tags

Note: In most of the cases the <remote> is origin.

Merge and Rebase

Merge into your current HEAD

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git merge <branch>

Rebase your current HEAD onto

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git rebase <branch>

Abort a rebase

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git rebase --abort

Continue a rebase after resolving conflicts

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git rebase --continue

Use your configured merge tool to solve conflicts

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git mergetool

Use your editor to manually solve conflicts and (after resolving) mark the file as resolved

In case of adding a file

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git add <resolved-file>

In case of removing the file

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git rm <resolved-file>

Undo

Discard all local changes in your working directory

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git reset --hard HEAD

Discard local changes in a specific file

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git checkout HEAD <file>

Revert a commit (by producing a new commit with contrary changes)

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git revert <commit>

Reset your HEAD pointer to a previous commit …and discard all changes since then

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git reset --hard <commit>

…and preserve all changes as unstaged changes

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git reset <commit>

..and preserve uncommitted local changes

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git reset --keep <commit>