How To Update A Document in MongoDB Collection in Java Applications?

In this tutorial, we will see how to update a document in MongoDB in Java applications.

To update a document in the MongoDB collection, first, we should have a MongoClient. Let’s see how to create one. Or You can read more at How to Connect to a MongoDB Atlas Cluster in a Java Application

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String connectionString = "mongodb+srv://user123:[email protected]/?retryWrites=true&w=majority";
MongoClient mongoClient = MongoClients.create(connectionString);

The above connectionString is just an example, kindly get your valid connection String.

We can update a single or multiple documents in MongoDB Collections.

Let’s see how to update a single document in MongoDB.

Update a Single Document in the MongoDB Collection

We can use the updateOne() method to insert a single document.

The updateOne() method accepts a filter that matches the document that we want to update, and a statement with the updates for the matching document.

The updateOne() method only updates the first document that matches the filter. And it returns UpdateResult.

Java Code to Update a Single Document in a Collection

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MongoDatabase database = mongoClient.getDatabase("texas_school");
MongoCollection<Document> collection = database.getCollection("students");

Bson query  = Filters.eq("roll_number","202306NJ253");
Bson updates  = Updates.combine(Updates.set("status","ready"),Updates.inc("due",-1200));
UpdateResult updateResult = collection.updateOne(query, updates);

The above code will update a single document student in the students Mongo collection that has roll_number as 202306NJ253. The status will be updated to ready and the due will be decreased by the amount of 1200.

Update Multiple Documents in MongoDB Collection

We can use the updateMany() method to update multiple documents.

The updateMany() method accepts a filter that matches the documents that we want to update, and a statement with the updates for the matching document.

The updateMany() method updates all the documents that match the filter. And it returns UpdateResult.

Java Code To Update Multiple Documents in Collection

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MongoDatabase database = mongoClient.getDatabase("texas_school");
MongoCollection<Document> collection = database.getCollection("students");

Bson query  = Filters.eq("status","ready");
Bson updates  = Updates.combine(Updates.set("due",0));
UpdateResult upResult = collection.updateMany(query, updates);

The above code will update all the documents of the students Mongo collection that have status as ready. It will set due for all the matching documents to 0.